Home/Ca²⁺
Molecule
7 pathways

Ca²⁺

Found in 7 curated pathways across 4 categories.

Interaction Network

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Active In Categories

signalingtransportneuronalmuscle

Frequently Co-occurring Molecules

IP3×2Glutamate×2GPCRs×1Gαs/Gαi/Gαq/Gα12×1Gβγ×1cAMP×1DAG×1β-Arrestin×1GRKs×1Calmodulin×1cADPR×1NAADP×1

Frequently Co-occurring Enzymes

PKC×3CaMKII×3PKA×2SERCA (Ca²⁺-ATPase)×2Calcineurin×2Adenylyl cyclase×1PLCβ×1GRK kinases×1Phosphodiesterases (PDEs)×1IP3 receptor×1Ryanodine receptor×1PMCA×1

Cross-Referenced Pathways

7 direct · 4 cross-referenced · 11 shown

Direct Involvement

7
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Signal Transduction

G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Signaling

Seven-transmembrane receptors activating heterotrimeric G proteins.

GPCRsGαs/Gαi/Gαq/Gα12Gβγ+6
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Signal Transduction

Calcium Signaling

Ca²⁺ as a universal second messenger controlling diverse cellular processes.

Ca²⁺CalmodulinIP3+4
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Membrane Transport

Ion Channel Signaling

Selective ion flux through membrane channels driving electrical and chemical signals.

Na⁺K⁺Ca²⁺+5
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Neuronal

Synaptic Transmission

Chemical neurotransmission across synaptic clefts between neurons.

GlutamateGABAAcetylcholine+6
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Neuronal

Glutamate Signaling

Excitatory neurotransmission via ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors.

GlutamateAMPA receptorsNMDA receptors+6
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Neuronal

Long-Term Potentiation / Depression (LTP/LTD)

Activity-dependent strengthening or weakening of synaptic connections.

NMDA receptorAMPA receptorCa²⁺+6
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Muscle & Cytoskeleton

Muscle Contraction (Excitation-Contraction Coupling)

Calcium-dependent actin-myosin sliding mechanism generating muscle force.

Actin (thin filament)Myosin II (thick filament)Tropomyosin+6