⚡
Metabolic
Animals, plants, fungi, microorganisms
Gluconeogenesis
Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.
Overview
Gluconeogenesis is essentially the reverse of glycolysis, with key bypass reactions at irreversible steps. It synthesizes glucose from precursors such as lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids. The pathway primarily occurs in the liver and kidney cortex and is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels during fasting, starvation, and intense exercise.
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm and mitochondria (liver, kidney)
Clinical Significance
Critical for blood glucose homeostasis; target of metformin in type 2 diabetes treatment.