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Genetic Information
Universal
Translation (Protein Synthesis)
Ribosome-mediated synthesis of polypeptides from mRNA templates.
Overview
Translation decodes mRNA into a polypeptide chain at the ribosome. Initiation involves assembly of the ribosome at the start codon (AUG) with initiator tRNA. During elongation, aminoacyl-tRNAs are delivered to the A site, peptide bonds are formed, and the ribosome translocates along the mRNA. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached.
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm, rough ER
Clinical Significance
Universal mechanism of protein synthesis; target of many antibiotics (tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin) and anticancer agents.